1517 in science
| List of years in science |
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| (table) |
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| Fields |
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| Technology |
| Social sciences |
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| Paleontology |
| Extraterrestrial environment |
| Terrestrial environment |
| Other/related |

The year 1517 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed here.
Medicine
- A third epidemic of sweating sickness in England hits Oxford and Cambridge.
- German surgeon Hans von Gersdorff publishes his Feldbuch der Wundarzney ("Field book of surgery").
Births
- June 29 – Rembert Dodoens, Flemish physician and botanist (died 1585)
- October 5 – Leonardo Fioravanti, Bolognese physician (died 1588)
- Pierre Belon, French naturalist (died 1564)
- Jacques Pelletier du Mans, French mathematician (died 1582)
Deaths
- Luca Pacioli, Florentine mathematician (b. c.1447)