1963 in spaceflight (January–March)
This is a list of spaceflights launched between January and June 1963. For an overview of the whole year, see 1963 in spaceflight.[1][2]
Orbital launches
| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | |||
| Remarks | ||||||||
January | ||||||||
| 4 January 08:48 |
||||||||
| Intended: Highly elliptical Achieved: Low Earth |
Lunar lander | 11 January | Launch failure | |||||
| Maiden flight of Molynia-L, upper stage ullage motor failed to ignite, leaving spacecraft in useless orbit. | ||||||||
| 7 January 21:09:49 |
||||||||
| US Air Force/NRO | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 24 January | Partial spacecraft failure | ||||
| US Air Force/NRO | Low Earth | Film return | January | Successful | ||||
| Attitude control problems with spacecraft. | ||||||||
| 16 January 21:59 |
||||||||
| US Air Force/NRO | Low Earth | ELINT | 9 January 1969 | Successful | ||||
| Final flight of carrier rocket as Thor DM-21 Agena-B before being redesignated SLV-2. | ||||||||
February | ||||||||
| 3 February 09:29:14 |
||||||||
| Intended: Highly elliptical | Lunar lander | 3 February | Launch failure | |||||
| Upper stage gyroscope malfunction, failed to orbit. | ||||||||
| 14 February 05:35:08 |
||||||||
| NASA | Intended: Geosynchronous Achieved: Subsynchronous |
Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft failure | ||||
| Contact with spacecraft lost following apogee motor firing. | ||||||||
| 19 February 16:33 |
||||||||
| US Air Force | Low Earth | Weather | 26 December 1979 | Successful | ||||
| Only flight of Scout X-3M. | ||||||||
| 28 February 21:48 |
||||||||
| US Air Force/NRO | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 28 February | Launch failure | ||||
| US Air Force/NRO | Low Earth | Film return | ||||||
| Maiden flight of Thrust Augmented Thor-Agena, failed to orbit. | ||||||||
March | ||||||||
| 18 March 21:13 |
||||||||
| US Air Force/NRO | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 18 March | Launch failure | ||||
| US Air Force/NRO | Low Earth | Film return | ||||||
| US Air Force | Low Earth | ELINT | ||||||
| First KH-6 launch, failed to orbit. | ||||||||
| 21 March 08:30 |
||||||||
| OKB-1 | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 29 March | Successful | ||||
|
| ||||||||
For flights after 31 March, see 1963 in spaceflight (April-June)
| ||||||||
Suborbital launches
| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
| Remarks | |||||||
January | |||||||
| 7 January 22:30:10 |
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 January | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
| 10 January 05:31:02 |
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 January | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
| 16 January | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
| 16 January | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
| 18 January 03:32:50 |
|||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 18 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi) | |||||||
| 22 January | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 23 January 00:27:37 |
|||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 23 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
| 23 January 18:10:13 |
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 23 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
| 25 January 10:44:07 |
|||||||
| Strategic Air Command | Suborbital | ABM test | 25 January | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
| 25 January | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 25 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
| 25 January | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 25 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
| 27 January 01:00 |
|||||||
| FIAN | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 27 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
| 29 January 16:27 |
|||||||
| Johns Hopkins | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 29 January | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) | |||||||
| 29 January | |||||||
| Suborbital | Missile test | 29 January | Successful | ||||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 31 January 00:30:05 |
|||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 31 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi) | |||||||
| 31 January 08:51:51 |
|||||||
| Strategic Air Command | Suborbital | ABM test | 31 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,800 kilometres (1,100 mi) | |||||||
| January | |||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | REV Test | January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
| January | |||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | REV Test | January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
| January | |||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
February | |||||||
| 1 February | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 2 February 06:56:29 |
|||||||
| Strategic Air Command | Suborbital | Communications | 2 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 4 February | |||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 4 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 4 February | |||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 4 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 5 February | |||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 5 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 5 February | |||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 5 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 5 February | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 5 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 6 February 17:58:24 |
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
| 7 February 15:59:59 |
|||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 8 February | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 11 February 15:30 |
|||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 11 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 11 February | |||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 11 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,160 kilometres (720 mi) | |||||||
| 12 February 01:47 |
|||||||
| Minnesota | Suborbital | Magnetospheric | 12 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,675 kilometres (1,041 mi) | |||||||
| 13 February 11:55:05 |
|||||||
| NRL | Suborbital | ABM test | 13 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,800 kilometres (1,100 mi) | |||||||
| 13 February 12:30 |
|||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
| 13 February | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 13 February | |||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 675 kilometres (419 mi) | |||||||
| 14 February 00:30 |
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 14 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 234 kilometres (145 mi) | |||||||
| 14 February | |||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 February | Launch failure | |||
| 14 February | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 14 February | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 15 February 00:45:00 |
|||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 15 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi) | |||||||
| 15 February 16:34 |
|||||||
| NRL | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 15 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 239 kilometres (149 mi) | |||||||
| 16 February 00:30 |
|||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | ASAT test | 16 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 240 kilometres (150 mi) | |||||||
| 16 February 21:45 |
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 February | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) | |||||||
| 16 February | |||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | REV Test | 16 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 280 kilometres (170 mi) | |||||||
| 18 February 14:00:02 |
|||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 18 February | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) | |||||||
| 18 February 17:43 |
|||||||
| NRL | Suborbital | Solar | 18 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 306 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
| 18 February 23:14 |
|||||||
| GCA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 18 February | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 25 kilometres (16 mi) | |||||||
| 19 February | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
| 20 February 23:18 |
|||||||
| GCA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 20 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 164 kilometres (102 mi) | |||||||
| 20 February 23:34 |
|||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 20 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 113 kilometres (70 mi) | |||||||
| 20 February 23:47 |
|||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 20 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 113 kilometres (70 mi) | |||||||
| 20 February | |||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 20 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
| 21 February 01:00:04 |
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 21 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
| 21 February 17:56:07 |
|||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 21 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 21 February 23:16 |
|||||||
| GCA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 21 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 172 kilometres (107 mi) | |||||||
| 22 February | |||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,160 kilometres (720 mi) | |||||||
| 26 February 01:31:43 |
|||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 26 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi) | |||||||
| 26 February | |||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 26 February | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
| 27 February 19:30:00 |
|||||||
| GCA | Suborbital | Ionospheric | 27 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 151 kilometres (94 mi) | |||||||
| 28 February 09:02:48 |
|||||||
| Strategic Air Command | Suborbital | ABM test | 28 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,800 kilometres (1,100 mi) | |||||||
| 28 February 09:30 |
|||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
| 28 February 21:48 |
|||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 28 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 113 kilometres (70 mi) | |||||||
| 28 February 22:11 |
|||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 28 February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 103 kilometres (64 mi) | |||||||
| 28 February | |||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Test flight | 28 February | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) | |||||||
| February | |||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | REV Test | February | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
March | |||||||
| 1 March 01:20 |
|||||||
| UCL Birmingham UCW |
Suborbital | Ionospheric Solar |
1 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 209 kilometres (130 mi) | |||||||
| 1 March 21:00 |
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | REV Test | 1 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,800 kilometres (1,100 mi) | |||||||
| 1 March | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 4 March | |||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 4 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,210 kilometres (750 mi) | |||||||
| 5 March 01:00:01 |
|||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 5 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi) | |||||||
| 6 March 22:30 |
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 6 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 228 kilometres (142 mi) | |||||||
| 7 March 17:48:15 |
|||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 March | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) | |||||||
| 7 March 18:48:15 |
|||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 7 March | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 8 March 19:30 |
|||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ionospheric | 8 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 155 kilometres (96 mi) | |||||||
| 9 March 00:01 |
|||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 9 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 117 kilometres (73 mi) | |||||||
| 9 March 00:01 |
|||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 9 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 119 kilometres (74 mi) | |||||||
| 10 March 02:42 |
|||||||
| Strategic Air Command | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 March | Launch failure | |||
| 11 March 04:30 |
|||||||
| UCL Birmingham UCW |
Suborbital | Ionospheric Solar |
11 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 209 kilometres (130 mi) | |||||||
| 11 March | |||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 11 March | Launch failure | |||
| 12 March 05:21 |
|||||||
| Strategic Air Command | Suborbital | Missile test | 12 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,800 kilometres (1,100 mi) | |||||||
| 12 March 09:50 |
|||||||
| WRE | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 12 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 124 kilometres (77 mi) | |||||||
| 12 March | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 12 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 14 March 01:01:49 |
|||||||
| Strategic Air Command | Suborbital | Communications | 14 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 14 March 01:46:04 |
|||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi) | |||||||
| 14 March | |||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 14 March | |||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 14 March | |||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 14 March | |||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,160 kilometres (720 mi) | |||||||
| 15 March 11:38 |
|||||||
| Strategic Air Command | Suborbital | Missile test | 15 March | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
| 15 March | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 15 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 16 March 02:05:40 |
|||||||
| Strategic Air Command | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,400 kilometres (870 mi) | |||||||
| 16 March 02:19 |
|||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | XR astronomy | 16 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 201 kilometres (125 mi) | |||||||
| 16 March 08:32:22 |
|||||||
| Strategic Air Command | Suborbital | Target Aeronomy |
16 March | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
| 16 March | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 18 March | |||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 18 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
| 19 March 01:29:59 |
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
| 19 March 16:00:02 |
|||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 19 March | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 21 March 11:40 |
|||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | REV Test | 21 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 405 kilometres (252 mi) | |||||||
| 21 March 15:22:48 |
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 21 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
| 21 March 21:10:08 |
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 21 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,400 kilometres (870 mi) | |||||||
| 21 March | |||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | ASAT test | 21 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 207 kilometres (129 mi) | |||||||
| 22 March 01:15 |
|||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi) | |||||||
| 24 March 00:29:14 |
|||||||
| Strategic Air Command | Suborbital | Missile test | 24 March | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) | |||||||
| 25 March 03:17 |
|||||||
| CARDE | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 25 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
| 25 March | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 25 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 27 March | |||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Test flight | 27 March | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) | |||||||
| 28 March 00:15 |
|||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | UV Astronomy | 28 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
| 28 March 01:30:00 |
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
| 28 March 07:54:59 |
|||||||
| Michigan | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 28 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 190 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
| 28 March 09:30 |
|||||||
| WRE | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 28 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 133 kilometres (83 mi) | |||||||
| 28 March 19:06 |
|||||||
| Michigan | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 28 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 190 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
| 28 March 20:06:00 |
|||||||
| GCA | Suborbital | Ionospheric | 28 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 161 kilometres (100 mi) | |||||||
| 28 March 20:11:55 |
|||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Test flight | 28 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 129 kilometres (80 mi) | |||||||
| 28 March | |||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 March | Launch failure | |||
| 28 March | |||||||
| MVS | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 402 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
| 29 March 02:57 |
|||||||
| Michigan | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 29 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 177 kilometres (110 mi) | |||||||
| 30 March 08:45 |
|||||||
| Strategic Air Command | Suborbital | Target | 30 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
| 30 March | |||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 30 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 1,210 kilometres (750 mi) | |||||||
| 30 March | |||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 30 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
| March | |||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | REV Test | March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
| March | |||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | REV Test | March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
Reference
- ^ "Worldwide Space Launches". Retrieved 8 August 2024.
- ^ "Orbital Launches of 1958". Retrieved 8 August 2024.
External links
- Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
- Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
- Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
- Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
- Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
- McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
- Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
- Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
- Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
- Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
- "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
- "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
- "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
- "Rocket Launch Manifest". Next Spaceflight.
- "Space Launch Plans". Novosti Kosmonavtiki.