Bomarea

Bomarea
Bomarea sp., southern Ecuador
Note leaf bases twisted 180°
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Liliales
Family: Alstroemeriaceae
Tribe: Alstroemerieae
Genus:
Mirb., 1804
Type species
Bomarea ovata[1]
(Cav.) Mirb.
Synonyms[2][3]
  • Leontochir Phil.
  • Vandesia Salisb.
  • Collania Herb. 1837, illegitimate homonym, not Schult. & Schult. f. 1830 nor Broth. ex Sakurai 1941
  • Sphaerine Herb.
  • Dodecasperma Raf.
  • Wichuraea M.Roem.
  • Danbya Salisb.

Bomarea is one of the two major genera in the plant family Alstroemeriaceae. Most occur in the Andes,[4] but some occur well into Central America, Mexico and the West Indies.[2] Some species are grown as ornamental plants.[5][6][7]

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Bomarea are terrestrial, erect or scandent herbs[8] with resuspinate leaves.[9]

Generative characteristics

The bisexual flowers have a campanulate to funnel-shaped perianth[8] with free tepals.[1]

Taxonomy

It was published by Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel in 1802.[10] The lectotype Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirb. was designated in 1995.[1] Bomarea is divided into four subgenera, Baccata, Bomarea, Sphaerine, and Wichuraea. The largest is Bomarea with about 70 species.[11]

There are about 110[12] to 122 species[11] in the genus.

Species

Species accepted as of July 2014:[2]

Image Name Distribution
Bomarea acutifolia Mexico, Central America
Bomarea albimontana Peru
Bomarea alstroemerioides Peru
Bomarea amazonica Peru
Bomarea amilcariana Venezuela
Bomarea ampayesana Peru
Bomarea anceps Peru
Bomarea andimarcana Peru, Bolivia
Bomarea andreana Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela
Bomarea angulata Ecuador, Peru
Bomarea angustissima Peru
Bomarea aurantiaca Peru, Bolivia
Bomarea boliviensis Bolivia, Argentina
Bomarea brachysepala Ecuador, Peru
Bomarea bracteata Peru
Bomarea bracteolata Panama
Bomarea bredemeyeriana Colombia, Venezuela
Bomarea brevis Peru, Bolivia
Bomarea callejasiana Colombia
Bomarea campanularia Ecuador, Peru
Bomarea campylophylla Peru
Bomarea carderi Panama, Colombia, Ecuador
Bomarea caucana Colombia
Bomarea caudata Peru
Bomarea caudatisepala Panama
Bomarea ceratophora Ecuador
Bomarea chaparensis Bolivia
Bomarea chimborazensis Ecuador
Bomarea chiriquina Panama, Costa Rica
Bomarea coccinea Peru
Bomarea colombiana Colombia
Bomarea cordifolia Peru
Bomarea cornigera Peru
Bomarea cornuta Peru, Ecuador
Bomarea costaricensis Panama, Costa Rica
Bomarea crassifolia Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Peru
Bomarea crinita Peru
Bomarea crocea Peru
Bomarea densiflora Peru, Ecuador
Bomarea denticulata Peru
Bomarea diffracta Colombia
Bomarea dispar Peru
Bomarea dissitifolia Peru, Ecuador
Bomarea dolichocarpa Peru, Ecuador
Bomarea dulcis Peru, Bolivia, Chile
Bomarea edulis widespread across much of Latin America from central Mexico to Argentina, plus West Indies
Bomarea endotrachys Peru
Bomarea engleriana Peru
Bomarea euryantha Colombia
Bomarea euryphylla Colombia, Ecuador
Bomarea evecta Ecuador
Bomarea ferreyrae Peru
Bomarea foertheriana Peru
Bomarea formosissima Peru, Bolivia
Bomarea glaucescens Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia
Bomarea goniocaulon Peru, Ecuador
Bomarea graminifolia Ecuador
Bomarea hartwegii Peru, Ecuador
Bomarea herbertiana Colombia
Bomarea herrerae Peru
Bomarea hieronymi Colombia, Ecuador
Bomarea hirsuta Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador
Bomarea huanuco Peru
Bomarea inaequalis Colombia
Bomarea involucrosa Peru, Bolivia
Bomarea kraenzlinii Colombia
Bomarea lancifolia Ecuador
Bomarea latifolia Peru
Bomarea libertadensis Peru
Bomarea linifolia Colombia, Ecuador
Bomarea longipes Peru, Ecuador
Bomarea longistyla Peru
Bomarea lopezii Venezuela
Bomarea lutea Ecuador
Bomarea macrocephala Argentina, Bolivia
Bomarea macusanii Peru
Bomarea moritziana Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela
Bomarea multiflora Colombia, Ecuador
Bomarea multipes Ecuador
Bomarea nematocaulon Peru
Bomarea nervosa Peru, Ecuador
Bomarea nubigena Ecuador
Bomarea obovata Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
Bomarea ovallei Atacama
Bomarea ovata Argentina, Bolivia, Peru
Bomarea oxytepala Ecuador
Bomarea pardina Colombia, Peru
Bomarea parvifolia Peru
Bomarea patacoensis Ecuador
Bomarea patinii Colombia, Ecuador
Bomarea pauciflora Colombia, Venezuela
Bomarea perglabra Ecuador
Bomarea peruviana Peru
Bomarea porrecta Peru
Bomarea pseudopurpurea Peru
Bomarea pudibunda Colombia
Bomarea pumila Bolivia, Peru
Bomarea puracensis Colombia
Bomarea purpurea Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru
Bomarea rosea Peru
Bomarea salicifolia Venezuela
Bomarea salsilla Chile
Bomarea secundifolia Peru
Bomarea setacea Peru
Bomarea shuttleworthii Colombia
Bomarea speciosa Peru
Bomarea spissiflora Ecuador, Peru
Bomarea stans Argentina, Bolivia
Bomarea suberecta Panama, Costa Rica
Bomarea superba Peru
Bomarea tarmensis Peru
Bomarea torta Ecuador, Peru
Bomarea tribrachiata Ecuador, Peru
Bomarea trichophylla Colombia
Bomarea trimorphophylla Ecuador
Bomarea truxillensis Venezuela
Bomarea uncifolia Ecuador
Bomarea vargasii Peru
Bomarea velascoana Peru
Bomarea vitellina Colombia
Bomarea weigendii Peru

Etymology

The generic name Bomarea honours Jacques Christophe Valmont de Bomare (1731-1807).[1]

Ecology

Habitat

Bomarea grow in shaded conditions of tropical forest understory.[13]

Pollination and seed dispersal

The flowers are ornithophilous and the seeds are dispersed by animals.[1]

As invasive plants

In New Zealand, Bomarea has become invasive.[14][15]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bomarea.
Wikispecies has information related to Bomarea.
  1. ^ a b c d e SANSO, A. M., & XIFREDA, C. C. (1995). El género Bomarea (Alstroemeriaceae) en Argentina. Darwiniana, 315-336.
  2. ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ^ Hofreiter, A. (2006). Leontochir: A synonym of Bomarea (Alstroemeriaceae)? Harvard Papers in Botany 11(1) 53-60.
  4. ^ Guarin, F. A. (2005). Three new species of Bomarea (Alstroemeriaceae) from the Andean region of Colombia. Novon 15(2) 253-58.
  5. ^ Sanso, A. M. and C. C. Xifreda. (2001). Generic delimitation between Alstroemeria and Bomarea (Alstroemeriaceae). Annals of Botany 88(6) 1057-69.
  6. ^ Hofreiter, A. (2008). A revision of Bomarea subgenus Bomarea s.str. section Multiflorae (Alstroemeriaceae). Systematic Botany 33: 661-684.
  7. ^ Chacón, J., M. Camargo de Assis, A. W. Meerow, and S. S. Renner. 2012. From east Gondwana to Central America: Historical biogeography of the Alstroemeriaceae. Journal of Biogeography 39(10): 1806-1818. [1]
  8. ^ a b Assis, M.C.; Prange, C.K.; Lopes, J.C.; Mello-Silva, R. (in memoriam); Pellegrini, M.O.O. 2020. Alstroemeriaceae in Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro.Available at: <http://floradobrasil2020.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB4299>. Accessed on: 23 Jan. 2025
  9. ^ Alzate G., F. (2007). Two new species of Bomarea (Alstroemeriaceae) from Colombia. Novon a Journal of Botanical Nomenclature from the Missouri Botanical Garden, 17, 141--144. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/17537
  10. ^ Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.-b). Bomarea Mirb. Tropicos. Retrieved January 24, 2025, from https://www.tropicos.org/name/40029100
  11. ^ a b Cáceres González, D. A. (2013). Bomarea rinconii (Alstroemeriaceae), a new species from the Talamanca Mountains in Chiriqui Province, Panama. Phytotaxa 105(1) 21–4.
  12. ^ Alzate, F., et al. (2008). Panbiogeographical analysis of the genus Bomarea (Alstroemeriaceae). Journal of Biogeography 35 1250-57.
  13. ^ Bomarea. (n.d.-c). Pacific Bulb Society. Retrieved January 24, 2025, from https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Bomarea
  14. ^ Bomarea. (n.d.). Otago Regional Council. Retrieved January 24, 2025, from https://www.orc.govt.nz/environment/biosecurity-and-pests/plant-pests/bomarea/
  15. ^ Bomarea. (n.d.-b). Environment Canterbury. Retrieved January 24, 2025, from https://www.ecan.govt.nz/pest-search/bomarea/
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