French ship Friedland (1840)

For other ships with the same name, see French ship Friedland and French ship Inflexible.
Friedland in tow of a steamer, after she ran aground near Constantinople
History
French Navy Ensign French Navy Ensign French Navy EnsignFrance
NameFriedland
NamesakeBattle of Friedland
BuilderCherbourg
Laid down1 May 1812
Launched4 March 1840
Commissioned5 October 1840
Stricken31 December 1864
FateBroken up 1879
General characteristics
Class & typeOcéan-class ship of the line
Displacement5,095 t (5,015 long tons)
Tons burthen2,794–2,930 (bm)
Length63.83 m (209 ft 5 in) (gun deck)
Beam16.4 m (53 ft 10 in)
Draught8.14 m (26 ft 8 in)
Propulsionsail, 3,250 m2 (35,000 sq ft)
Sail planfull-rigged ship
Complement1,130
Armament

Friedland was a first-rate 118-gun Océan-class ship of the line built for the French Navy during the 1810s. Completed in 1840, the ship did not play a significant role in the Crimean War of 1854–1855. She was proposed for conversion to steam power in 1857, but this was cancelled the following year.

Description

The later Océan-class ships had a length of 63.83 metres (209 ft 5 in) at the gun deck a beam of 16.4 metres (53 ft 10 in) and a depth of hold of 8.12 metres (26 ft 8 in). The ships displaced 5,095 tonnes (5,015 long tons) and had a mean draught of 8.14 metres (26 ft 8 in). They had a tonnage of 2,794–2,930 tons burthen. Their crew numbered 1,130 officers and ratings. They were fitted with three masts and ship rigged with a sail area of 3,250 square metres (35,000 sq ft).[1]

The muzzle-loading, smoothbore armament of the Océan class consisted of thirty-two 36-pounder long guns on the lower gun deck, thirty-four 24-pounder long guns on the middle gun deck and on the upper gundeck were thirty-four 18-pounder long guns. On the quarterdeck and forecastle were a total of fourteen 8-pounder long guns and a dozen 36-pounder carronades.[2]

Construction and career

Launch of Friedland, by Antoine Chazal.

Friedland was ordered on 20 February 1812, laid down at the Arsenal de Cherbourg on 1 May and named Inflexible on 10 September. The ship was renamed Duc de Bordeaux on 19 December 1820. On 9 August 1830, following the July Revolution, she took her name of Friedland. The ship was launched on 4 April 1840, completed in August and commissioned on 5 October.[3][4]

She was decommissioned from 1852 to 1853, when she was recommissioned and served in the Crimean War.[4] On 27 July 1853, she ran aground off the Rabbit Islands, Ottoman Empire.[5] She was later refloated. In 1857, work was undertaken to convert her to a steam and sail ship, but the conversion was aborted in February 1858 and the engine was eventually installed on Turenne.[4]

Citations

  1. ^ Winfield & Roberts, pp. 44, 46–47
  2. ^ Winfield & Roberts, p. 47
  3. ^ Winfield & Roberts, p. 48
  4. ^ a b c Roche, p. 215
  5. ^ "(untitled)". The Morning Chronicle. No. 27032 (Second ed.). London. 13 August 1853.

References

  • Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours [Dictionary of French Warships from Colbert to Today]. Vol. 1: 1671-1870. Roche. ISBN 978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922.
  • Winfield, Rif and Roberts, Stephen S. (2015) French Warships in the Age of Sail 1786-1861: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-204-2
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