Iris subg. Xiphium

Iris subg. Xiphium
Close-up image of Iris xiphium
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus:
(Miller) Spach
Type species
Iris xiphium
Species

See text

Subgenus Xiphium is a subgenus of Iris. If considered a separate genus from Iris, it is known as genus Xiphion.

The Latin specific epithet Xiphium refers to the Greek word for sword xiphos.[1]

All species in this subgenus are true bulbs, and are native to southwest Europe (southern Spain, Portugal and southern France) and northern Africa.[2]

Mainly known for the garden cultivars known as Dutch Iris, Spanish Iris and English Iris. They generally flower between early to mid-summer and each stem produces between 1 - 3 flowers. Most bulbs should be planted in late autumn, 10 cm deep and between 5–10 cm apart.[3]

Section Xiphium

Image Scientific name Distribution
Iris boissieri Henriq 1885 Spain and Portugal
Iris filifolia Boiss. 1842 Morocco, Spain
Iris juncea Poir. 1789 Algeria, Tunisia Spain, Sicily
Iris latifolia Mill. 1895 – English iris France, Spain
Iris rutherfordii M Rodriguez,P Vargas,M Carine and S Jury 2009 Morocco
Iris serotina Willk. in Willk. & Lange 1861 Spain and Morocco.
Iris tingitana Boiss. & Reut. 1852 – Morocco iris Morocco, Algeria, Spain, Portugal.
Iris xiphium L. 1753 Corsica, France, Italy, Algeria and Tunisia

Horticultural hybrids

References

  1. ^ Stearn, William (1972). A Gardenerer's Dictionary of Plant Names. London: Cassell. p. 334. ISBN 0304937215.
  2. ^ Joyce, David. The Garden Plant Selector.
  3. ^ Cassidy, G.E.; Linnegar, S. (1987). Growing Irises (Revised ed.). Bromley: Christopher Helm. pp. 144–145. ISBN 0-88192-089-4.
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