Masked cardinal
| Masked cardinal | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Thraupidae |
| Genus: | Paroaria |
| Species: | P. nigrogenis
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| Binomial name | |
| Paroaria nigrogenis (Lafresnaye, 1846)
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| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Paroaria gularis nigrogenis | |
The masked cardinal (Paroaria nigrogenis) is a bird species in the tanager family (Thraupidae). It is not very closely related to the cardinals proper (Cardinalidae).
It is found in Trinidad, far north-eastern Colombia, and northern Venezuela. It was previously considered conspecific with the red-capped cardinal (Paroaria gularis), from which it differs by the black ear-coverts and the red (not black) lower throat and upper chest. Additionally, its lower mandible is typically whitish, but this is not entirely consistent, as it occasionally is pale flesh-coloured. This distinctive taxon is a distinct species, as suggested by the lack of hybridization with P. g. gularis in the limited area of overlap in southern Venezuela.[2][3] The common name masked cardinal was suggested.[4]
References
- ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Paroaria nigrogenis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22736357A132189303. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22736357A132189303.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ^ Dávalos, L.M.; Porzecanski, A.L. (2009). "Accounting for molecular stochasticity in systematic revisions: species limits and phylogeny of Paroaria". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 53 (1): 234–248. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.06.003. PMID 19524053.
- ^ Jaramillo, Alvaro (October 2010). "Proposal 469A: Species limits in Paroaria". South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
- ^ Restall et al. (2006).
- Restall, Robin L.; Rodner, C. & Lentino, M. (2006): Birds of Northern South America. Christopher Helm, London. ISBN 0-7136-7243-9 (vol. 1). ISBN 0-7136-7242-0 (vol. 2).