Supreme audit institution
A supreme audit institution is an independent national-level institution which conducts audits of government activities.[1][2] Most supreme audit institutions are established in their country's constitution, and their mandate is further refined in national legislation.[3] Supreme audit institutions play an important role in providing oversight and accountability in a country by monitoring the use of public funds and reviewing the quality and accuracy of government financial reporting.[4] They also contribute to anti-corruption efforts.[5] Depending on the country, a supreme audit institution may be called a court of audit (common in Europe and its former colonies), auditor-general (common in the Anglosphere) or the board of audit (in some Asian countries). Nearly every supreme audit institution in the world is a member of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions, which works to establish and disseminate international standards and good practices.[6]
In some countries, such as with Taiwan's Control Yuan, the audit institution may constitute a separate, independent branch of government in addition to the more typical executive, legislative and judicial branches.
List of supreme audit institutions
 Afghanistan: Supreme Audit Office (Merged with the Directorate of Supervision and Prosecution of Decrees and Orders in 2024)[7] Afghanistan: Supreme Audit Office (Merged with the Directorate of Supervision and Prosecution of Decrees and Orders in 2024)[7]
 Albania: State Supreme Audit (Albania) Albania: State Supreme Audit (Albania)
 Algeria: Cour des Comptes Algeria: Cour des Comptes
 Andorra: Tribunal de Comptes Andorra: Tribunal de Comptes
 Angola: Tribunal de Contas de Angola Angola: Tribunal de Contas de Angola
 Antigua and Barbuda: Supreme Audit Institution Antigua and Barbuda: Supreme Audit Institution
 Argentina: Auditoría General de la Nación Argentina: Auditoría General de la Nación
 Armenia: Chamber of Audit Armenia: Chamber of Audit
.svg.png) Australia: Australian National Audit Office Australia: Australian National Audit Office
 Austria: Rechnungshof Austria: Rechnungshof
 Azerbaijan: Chamber of Accounts Azerbaijan: Chamber of Accounts
 Bahamas: Office of the Auditor General Bahamas: Office of the Auditor General
 Bahrain: National Audit Office Bahrain: National Audit Office
 Bangladesh: Comptroller and Auditor General Bangladesh: Comptroller and Auditor General
 Barbados: Auditor General's Office Barbados: Auditor General's Office
 Belarus: State Control Committee Belarus: State Control Committee
.svg.png) Belgium: Court of Audit of Belgium Belgium: Court of Audit of Belgium
 Belize: The Office of the Auditor General Belize: The Office of the Auditor General
 Benin: Chambre des Comptes de la Cour Suprême Benin: Chambre des Comptes de la Cour Suprême
 Bhutan: Royal Audit Authority Bhutan: Royal Audit Authority
 Bolivia: Contraloría General del Estado Bolivia: Contraloría General del Estado
 Botswana: Office of the Auditor General Botswana: Office of the Auditor General
 Brazil: Tribunal de Contas da União Brazil: Tribunal de Contas da União
 Bulgaria: Chamber of Audit Bulgaria: Chamber of Audit
 Cape Verde: Tribunal de Contas Cape Verde: Tribunal de Contas
 Cambodia: National Audit Authority of Cambodia Cambodia: National Audit Authority of Cambodia
.svg.png) Canada: Auditor General of Canada Canada: Auditor General of Canada
 Central African Republic: Inspection Général d’État Central African Republic: Inspection Général d’État
 Chile: Comptroller General of Chile Chile: Comptroller General of Chile
 China: National Audit Office China: National Audit Office
 Colombia: Contraloria General de la República Colombia: Contraloria General de la República
 Comoros: Cour Suprême – Section des Comptes des Comores Comoros: Cour Suprême – Section des Comptes des Comores
 Costa Rica: Contraloria General de la República Costa Rica: Contraloria General de la República
 Ivory Coast: Cour des Comptes de Côte d'Ivoire Ivory Coast: Cour des Comptes de Côte d'Ivoire
 Croatia: Državni ured za reviziju (State Audit Office) Croatia: Državni ured za reviziju (State Audit Office)
 Cuba: Contraloría General de la República de Cuba Cuba: Contraloría General de la República de Cuba
 Cyprus: Audit Office of the Republic Cyprus: Audit Office of the Republic
 Czech Republic: Supreme Audit Office Czech Republic: Supreme Audit Office
 Democratic Republic of the Congo: Cour des Comptes Democratic Republic of the Congo: Cour des Comptes
 Denmark: Rigsrevisionen Denmark: Rigsrevisionen
 Djibouti: Cour des Comptes Djibouti: Cour des Comptes
 Dominica: Audit Department Dominica: Audit Department
 Dominican Republic: Cámara de Cuentas de la República Dominicana Dominican Republic: Cámara de Cuentas de la República Dominicana
 Egypt: Central Auditing Organization Egypt: Central Auditing Organization
 Eritrea: Office of the Auditor General Eritrea: Office of the Auditor General
 Estonia: National Audit Office of Estonia Estonia: National Audit Office of Estonia
 Europe: European Court of Auditors Europe: European Court of Auditors
 Fiji: Office of the Auditor General Fiji: Office of the Auditor General
 Finland: National Audit Office of Finland Finland: National Audit Office of Finland
 France: Court of Audit France: Court of Audit
 Gabon: Cour des Comptes Gabon: Cour des Comptes
 Gambia: National Audit Office Gambia: National Audit Office
 Ghana: Ghana Audit Service Ghana: Ghana Audit Service
 Germany: Bundesrechnungshof Germany: Bundesrechnungshof
 Georgia: State Audit Office of Georgia Georgia: State Audit Office of Georgia
 Greece: Court of Audit Greece: Court of Audit
 Grenada: Audit Department Grenada: Audit Department
 Guatemala: Contraloría General de Cuentas Guatemala: Contraloría General de Cuentas
 Guinea: Cour des Comptes Guinea: Cour des Comptes
 Guinea-Bissau: Tribunal de Contas Guinea-Bissau: Tribunal de Contas
 Guyana: The Audit Office of Guyana Guyana: The Audit Office of Guyana
 Haiti: Cour Supérieure CCA Haiti: Cour Supérieure CCA
.svg.png) Honduras: Tribunal Superior de Cuentas Honduras: Tribunal Superior de Cuentas
 Hungary: Állami Számvevőszék Hungary: Állami Számvevőszék
 Iceland: Ríkisendurskoðun Iceland: Ríkisendurskoðun
 India: Comptroller and Auditor General of India India: Comptroller and Auditor General of India
 Indonesia: Audit Board of Indonesia Indonesia: Audit Board of Indonesia
 Iran: Supreme Audit Court Iran: Supreme Audit Court
 Iraq: Federal Board of Supreme Audit Iraq: Federal Board of Supreme Audit
 Ireland: Comptroller and Auditor General Ireland: Comptroller and Auditor General
 Israel: State Comptroller of Israel Israel: State Comptroller of Israel
 Italy: Court of Audit Italy: Court of Audit
 Jamaica: Audit Department Jamaica: Audit Department
 Japan: Board of Audit Japan: Board of Audit
 Jordan: Audit Bureau of Jordan Jordan: Audit Bureau of Jordan
 Kazakhstan: Accounts Committee Kazakhstan: Accounts Committee
 Kenya: Kenya National Audit Office Kenya: Kenya National Audit Office
 Kiribati: Kiribati National Audit Office Kiribati: Kiribati National Audit Office
 Kosovo: National Audit Office of Kosovo Kosovo: National Audit Office of Kosovo
 Kuwait: State Audit Bureau Kuwait: State Audit Bureau
 Kyrgyzstan: The Accounts Chamber of the Kyrgyz Republic Kyrgyzstan: The Accounts Chamber of the Kyrgyz Republic
 Laos: State Audit Organization Laos: State Audit Organization
 Latvia: State Audit Office of the Republic of Latvia Latvia: State Audit Office of the Republic of Latvia
 Lebanon: Cour des Comptes Lebanon: Cour des Comptes
 Lesotho: Office of the Auditor General Lesotho: Office of the Auditor General
 Liberia: General Auditing Commission Liberia: General Auditing Commission
 Libya: Libyan Audit Bureau Libya: Libyan Audit Bureau
 Liechtenstein: Finanzkontrolle des Fürstentums Liechtenstein Liechtenstein: Finanzkontrolle des Fürstentums Liechtenstein
 Lithuania: National Audit Office of Lithuania Lithuania: National Audit Office of Lithuania
 Luxembourg: Cour des Comptes Luxembourg: Cour des Comptes
 Madagascar: Cour des Comptes Madagascar: Cour des Comptes
 Malawi: National Audit Office Malawi: National Audit Office
 Malaysia: National Audit Department Malaysia: National Audit Department
 Maldives: Auditor General's Office Maldives: Auditor General's Office
 Mali: Contrôle Général des Services Publics Mali: Contrôle Général des Services Publics
 Malta: National Audit Office Malta: National Audit Office
 Marshall Islands: Office of the Auditor General Marshall Islands: Office of the Auditor General
 Mauritania: Cour des Comptes de la République Islamique de Mauritanie Mauritania: Cour des Comptes de la République Islamique de Mauritanie
 Mauritius: National Audit Office Mauritius: National Audit Office
 Mexico: Auditoría Superior de la Federación Mexico: Auditoría Superior de la Federación
 Federated States of Micronesia: Office of the Public Auditor Federated States of Micronesia: Office of the Public Auditor
 Moldova: Curtea de Conturi Moldova: Curtea de Conturi
 Monaco: Commission Supérieure des Comptes Monaco: Commission Supérieure des Comptes
 Mongolia: Mongolian National Audit Office Mongolia: Mongolian National Audit Office
 Montenegro: State Audit Institution of Montenegro Montenegro: State Audit Institution of Montenegro
 Morocco: Cour des Comptes Morocco: Cour des Comptes
 Mozambique: Tribunal Administrativo Mozambique: Tribunal Administrativo
 Namibia: Office of the Auditor-General Namibia: Office of the Auditor-General
 Nauru: Department of Audit Nauru: Department of Audit
 Myanmar: Office of the Auditor General Myanmar: Office of the Auditor General
 Nepal: Office of the Auditor General Nepal: Office of the Auditor General
 Netherlands: Court of Audit Netherlands: Court of Audit
 New Zealand: Office of the Auditor-General New Zealand: Office of the Auditor-General
 Nicaragua: Consejo Superior de la Contraloría General Nicaragua: Consejo Superior de la Contraloría General
 Niger: Cour des comptes Niger: Cour des comptes
 Nigeria: Office of the Auditor General for the Federation Nigeria: Office of the Auditor General for the Federation
 North Macedonia: Drzaven zavod za revizija North Macedonia: Drzaven zavod za revizija
 Norway: Office of the Auditor General of Norway Norway: Office of the Auditor General of Norway
 Oman: State Audit Institution Oman: State Audit Institution
 Pakistan: Auditor General of Pakistan Pakistan: Auditor General of Pakistan
 Palau: Office of the Public Auditor Palau: Office of the Public Auditor
 Palestine: State Audit and Administrative Control Bureau Palestine: State Audit and Administrative Control Bureau
 Panama: Contraloría General de la República de Panamá Panama: Contraloría General de la República de Panamá
 Papua New Guinea: Auditor General's Office Papua New Guinea: Auditor General's Office
 Paraguay: Contraloría General de la República Paraguay: Contraloría General de la República
 Peru: Contraloria General de la República Peru: Contraloria General de la República
 Philippines: Commission on Audit of the Philippines Philippines: Commission on Audit of the Philippines
 Poland: Supreme Audit Office Poland: Supreme Audit Office
.svg.png) Portugal: Court of Auditors Portugal: Court of Auditors
 Qatar: State Audit Bureau Qatar: State Audit Bureau
 Republic of the Congo: Cour des Comptes et de Discipline Budgétaire Republic of the Congo: Cour des Comptes et de Discipline Budgétaire
 Romania: Court of Audit Romania: Court of Audit
 Russia: Accounts Chamber of Russia Russia: Accounts Chamber of Russia
 Rwanda: Office of the Auditor General Rwanda: Office of the Auditor General
 Saint Kitts and Nevis: The Audit Office Saint Kitts and Nevis: The Audit Office
 Saint Lucia: Office of the Director of Audit Saint Lucia: Office of the Director of Audit
 Samoa: Samoa Audit Office Samoa: Samoa Audit Office
 São Tomé and Príncipe: Tribunal de Contas São Tomé and Príncipe: Tribunal de Contas
 Saudi Arabia: General Court of Audit Saudi Arabia: General Court of Audit
 Senegal: Cour des Comptes Senegal: Cour des Comptes
 Serbia: State Audit Institution (Državna revizorska institucija) Serbia: State Audit Institution (Državna revizorska institucija)
 Seychelles: The Audit Department Seychelles: The Audit Department
 Sierra Leone: Audit Service Sierra Leone Sierra Leone: Audit Service Sierra Leone
 Singapore: Auditor General's Office Singapore: Auditor General's Office
 Slovakia: Najvyšši kontrolný úrad Slovenskej republiky Slovakia: Najvyšši kontrolný úrad Slovenskej republiky
 Slovenia: Court of Audit of Slovenia Slovenia: Court of Audit of Slovenia
 Solomon Islands: Office of the Auditor General Solomon Islands: Office of the Auditor General
 Somalia: Office of the Auditor General Somalia: Office of the Auditor General
 South Africa: Auditor-General (South Africa) South Africa: Auditor-General (South Africa)
 Republic of Korea: Board of Audit and Inspection Republic of Korea: Board of Audit and Inspection
 South Sudan: National Audit Chamber South Sudan: National Audit Chamber
 Spain: Court of Auditors Spain: Court of Auditors
 Sri Lanka: National Audit Office Sri Lanka: National Audit Office
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Audit Office Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Audit Office
 Sudan: National Audit Chamber Sudan: National Audit Chamber
 Suriname: Rekenkamer van Suriname Suriname: Rekenkamer van Suriname
 Sweden: Swedish National Audit Office Sweden: Swedish National Audit Office
.svg.png) Switzerland: Eidgenössische Finanzkontrolle Switzerland: Eidgenössische Finanzkontrolle
.svg.png) Syria: The Central Organization of Financial Control Syria: The Central Organization of Financial Control
 Taiwan: National Audit Office Taiwan: National Audit Office
 Tajikistan: Accounts Chamber of the Republic of Tajikistan Tajikistan: Accounts Chamber of the Republic of Tajikistan
 Tanzania: National Audit Office Tanzania: National Audit Office
 Thailand: State Audit Office of the Kingdom of Thailand Thailand: State Audit Office of the Kingdom of Thailand
 Timor-Leste: Tribunal de Recurso Timor-Leste: Tribunal de Recurso
.svg.png) Togo: La Cour des Comptes Togo: La Cour des Comptes
 Tonga: Audit Department Tonga: Audit Department
 Trinidad and Tobago: Auditor General's Department Trinidad and Tobago: Auditor General's Department
 Tunisia: Cour des Comptes Tunisia: Cour des Comptes
 Turkey: Court of Accounts Turkey: Court of Accounts
 Turkmenistan: Supreme Control Chamber of Turkmenistan Turkmenistan: Supreme Control Chamber of Turkmenistan
 Tuvalu: Office of the Auditor General Tuvalu: Office of the Auditor General
 Uganda: Office of the Auditor General Uganda: Office of the Auditor General
 Ukraine: Accounting Chamber Ukraine: Accounting Chamber
 United Arab Emirates: State Audit Institution United Arab Emirates: State Audit Institution
 United Kingdom: National Audit Office United Kingdom: National Audit Office
.png) United States: Government Accountability Office United States: Government Accountability Office
 Uruguay: Tribunal de Cuentas de la República Uruguay: Tribunal de Cuentas de la República
 Uzbekistan: Chamber of Auditors of Uzbekistan Uzbekistan: Chamber of Auditors of Uzbekistan
 Vanuatu: Office of the Auditor General Vanuatu: Office of the Auditor General
.svg.png) Vatican City: Officium Recognitoris Generalis Vatican City: Officium Recognitoris Generalis
 Venezuela: Contraloría General de la República Venezuela: Contraloría General de la República
 Vietnam: State Audit Office of Vietnam Vietnam: State Audit Office of Vietnam
 Yemen: Central Organization for Control and Auditing Yemen: Central Organization for Control and Auditing
 Zambia: Office of the Auditor General Zambia: Office of the Auditor General
 Zimbabwe: Office of the Auditor General Zimbabwe: Office of the Auditor General
See also
- European Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions
- Government performance auditing
- INTOSAI Development Initiative
- Organization of Latin American and Caribbean Supreme Audit Institutions
- Separation of powers
References
- ^ "External Audit – Supreme Audit Institutions - OECD". www.oecd.org. Retrieved 2020-05-04.
- ^ "Features and functions of supreme audit institutions" (PDF). The World Bank.
- ^ Blume, Lorenz; Voigt, Stefan (22 July 2010). "Does organizational design of supreme audit institutions matter? A cross-country assessment". European Journal of Political Economy. 27 (2): 215–229. doi:10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2010.07.001.
- ^ Stapenhurst, Rick; Titsworth, Jack (June 2002). "Features and Functions of Supreme Audit Institutions" (PDF). World Bank Group.
- ^ Meyers, C. Bernard; Bajpai, Rajni (September 1, 2020). "Enhancing Government Effectiveness and Transparency : The Fight Against Corruption" (PDF). World Bank Group.
- ^ "Full Members - INTOSAI". www.intosai.org. Retrieved 2020-09-25.
- ^ "Eight Govt Institutions Merged Into Ministries". TOLONews. 15 May 2024. Retrieved 11 September 2024.