Phenbenzamine , sold under the brand name Antergan  and known by the former developmental code name RP-2339 , is an antihistamine  of the ethylenediamine  class which also has anticholinergic  properties.[ 1] [ 2] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5] mepyramine  (pyrilamine; Neoantergan).[ 5] [ 6] diphenhydramine , promethazine , and tripelennamine , were developed and introduced.[ 5] [ 7] sedative  effects, phenbenzamine and promethazine were assessed in the treatment of manic depression  in France  in the 1940s and were regarded as promising therapies for such purposes.[ 3] piperoxan  was the first compound with antihistamine properties to be discovered and was synthesized in the early 1930s.[ 7] 
Chemistry 
Synthesis 
Phenbenzamine can be prepared by the reaction of N -benzylaniline with 2-chloroethyldimethylamine.[ 8] [ 9] 
Phenbenzamine synthesis 
References 
^ "Phenbenzamine" . Encyclopædia Britannica .^ Maxwell RA, Eckhardt SB (6 December 2012). "Chloropromazine" . Drug Discovery: A Casebook and Analysis . Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 113–. ISBN  978-1-4612-0469-5 . ^ a b   Moncrieff, Joanna (2013). "Chlorpromazine: The First Wonder Drug". The Bitterest Pills . Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 20– 38. doi :10.1057/9781137277442_2 . ISBN  978-1-137-27743-5 . ^ Williams DA, Foye WO, Lemke TL (2002). "Chapter 29: Estrogen, Progestins, and Androgens" . Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry . Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 799–. ISBN  978-0-683-30737-5 . ^ a b c   Welcome MO (20 June 2018). Gastrointestinal Physiology: Development, Principles and Mechanisms of Regulation ISBN  978-3-319-91056-7 . ^ Cundell DR, Mickle KE (11 July 2018). "Developing the Perfect Antihistamine for use in Allergic Conditions: A Voyage in H1 Selectivity" . In Atta-ur-Rahman (ed.). Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - Anti-Allergy Agents . Bentham Science Publishers. pp. 29–. ISBN  978-1-68108-337-7 . ^ a b   Landau R, Achilladelis B, Scriabine A (1999). Pharmaceutical Innovation: Revolutionizing Human Health 230– 231. ISBN  978-0-941901-21-5 . ^ US 2634293 , Kyrides LP, Zienty FB, "Process of preparing a monobasic salt of a secondary amine", issued 7 April 1953,  assigned to Monsanto Chemicals  ^ Kaye IA, Parris CL, Weiner N (1953). "A Novel N-Alkylation Reaction". Journal of the American Chemical Society . 75  (3): 744– 745. doi :10.1021/ja01099a508 .   
H1  
Agonists Antagonists 
Others:  Atypical antipsychotics  (e.g., aripiprazole , asenapine , brexpiprazole , brilaroxazine , clozapine , iloperidone , olanzapine , paliperidone , quetiapine , risperidone , ziprasidone , zotepine )Phenylpiperazine  antidepressants  (e.g., hydroxynefazodone , nefazodone , trazodone , triazoledione )Tetracyclic antidepressants  (e.g., amoxapine , loxapine , maprotiline , mianserin , mirtazapine , oxaprotiline )Tricyclic antidepressants  (e.g., amitriptyline , butriptyline , clomipramine , desipramine , dosulepin (dothiepin) , doxepin , imipramine , iprindole , lofepramine , nortriptyline , protriptyline , trimipramine )Typical antipsychotics  (e.g., chlorpromazine , flupenthixol , fluphenazine , loxapine , perphenazine , prochlorperazine , thioridazine , thiothixene )Unknown/unsorted:  AzanatorBelarizine 
Elbanizine 
Flotrenizine 
GSK1004723 
Napactadine Tagorizine 
Trelnarizine 
Trenizine  
H2  
H3  
H4  
See also 
Receptor/signaling modulators 
Monoamine metabolism modulators 
Monoamine reuptake inhibitors  
mAChRs Tooltip Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors 
Agonists Antagonists 
3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate 4-DAMP Aclidinium bromide  (+formoterol )Abediterol AF-DX 250 
AF-DX 384 Ambutonium bromide Anisodamine Anisodine Antihistamines (first-generation)  (e.g., brompheniramine , buclizine , captodiame , chlorphenamine (chlorpheniramine) , cinnarizine , clemastine , cyproheptadine , dimenhydrinate , dimetindene , diphenhydramine , doxylamine , meclizine , mequitazine , perlapine , phenindamine , pheniramine , phenyltoloxamine , promethazine , propiomazine , triprolidine )AQ-RA 741 
Atropine Atropine methonitrate Atypical antipsychotics  (e.g., clozapine , fluperlapine , olanzapine  (+fluoxetine ), rilapine, quetiapine , tenilapine , zotepine )Benactyzine Benzatropine (benztropine) Benzilone Benzilylcholine mustard Benzydamine Bevonium BIBN 99 Biperiden Bornaprine Camylofin CAR-226,086 CAR-301,060 CAR-302,196 CAR-302,282 CAR-302,368 
CAR-302,537 
CAR-302,668 Caramiphen Cimetropium bromide Clidinium bromide Cloperastine CS-27349 Cyclobenzaprine Cyclopentolate Darifenacin DAU-5884 
Desfesoterodine Dexetimide DIBD 
Dicycloverine (dicyclomine) Dihexyverine Difemerine Diphemanil metilsulfate Ditran Drofenine EA-3167 EA-3443 EA-3580 EA-3834 Emepronium bromide Etanautine Etybenzatropine (ethybenztropine) Fenpiverinium Fentonium bromide Fesoterodine Flavoxate Glycopyrronium bromide  (+beclometasone/formoterol , +indacaterol , +neostigmine )Hexahydrodifenidol 
Hexahydrosiladifenidol 
Hexbutinol 
Hexocyclium Himbacine HL-031,120 
Homatropine Imidafenacin Ipratropium bromide  (+salbutamol )Isopropamide J-104,129 
Hyoscyamine Mamba toxin 3 Mamba toxin 7 Mazaticol Mebeverine Meladrazine Mepenzolate Methantheline Methoctramine Methylatropine Methylhomatropine Methylscopolamine Metixene Muscarinic toxin 7 N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate N-Methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate Nefopam Octatropine methylbromide (anisotropine methylbromide) Orphenadrine Otenzepad (AF-DX 116) Otilonium bromide Oxapium iodide Oxitropium bromide Oxybutynin Oxyphencyclimine Oxyphenonium bromide PBID 
PD-102,807 PD-0298029 Penthienate Pethidine pFHHSiD 
Phenglutarimide Phenyltoloxamine Pipenzolate bromide Piperidolate Pirenzepine Piroheptine Pizotifen Poldine Pridinol Prifinium bromide Procyclidine Profenamine (ethopropazine) Propantheline bromide Propiverine Quinidine 3-Quinuclidinyl thiochromane-4-carboxylate Revefenacin Rociverine RU-47,213 SCH-57,790 
SCH-72,788 
SCH-217,443 
Scopolamine (hyoscine) Scopolamine butylbromide (hyoscine butylbromide) Silahexacyclium 
Sofpironium bromide Solifenacin SSRIs Tooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors  (e.g., femoxetine , paroxetine )Telenzepine Terodiline Tetracyclic antidepressants  (e.g., amoxapine , maprotiline , mianserin , mirtazapine )Tiemonium iodide Timepidium bromide Tiotropium bromide Tiquizium bromide 
Tofenacin Tolterodine Tricyclic antidepressants  (e.g., amitriptyline  (+perphenazine ), amitriptylinoxide , butriptyline , cidoxepin , clomipramine , desipramine , desmethyldesipramine, dibenzepin , dosulepin (dothiepin) , doxepin , imipramine , lofepramine , nitroxazepine , northiaden (desmethyldosulepin) , nortriptyline , protriptyline , quinupramine , trimipramine )Tridihexethyl Trihexyphenidyl Trimebutine Tripitamine (tripitramine) Tropacine 
Tropatepine Tropicamide Tropine benzilate Trospium chloride Typical antipsychotics  (e.g., chlorpromazine , chlorprothixene , cyamemazine (cyamepromazine) , loxapine , mesoridazine , thioridazine )Umeclidinium bromide  (+vilanterol )WIN-2299 Xanomeline Zamifenacin  
Precursors (and prodrugs ) 
See also 
Receptor/signaling modulators 
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators 
Acetylcholine metabolism/transport modulators